The World Health Organization declared a global health emergency over the outbreak late last month. California declared a state of emergency over the Monkeypox Virus earlier this week, and now the United States has declared a national health emergency.

As of August 5, 2022, the US has 7,102 confirmed cases, with 826 in California alone.

Before we raise concern, it's vital that you understand the facts; what Monkeypox is, how it spreads, its symptoms, and preventative measures to avoid infection.

What is Monkeypox?

Monkeypox was first identified in 1958 and is primarily seen in Central and West African countries. The monkeypox virus belongs to the Orthopoxvirus family, which also includes the variola (smallpox) virus and the vaccinia virus, which is used in smallpox vaccination. It is a viral disease that affects rodents, primates, and humans in rare cases in the West and Central African rainforests.

Monkeypox symptoms

• Fever
• Chills
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Exhaustion
• Muscle aches and backache
• Headache
• Respiratory symptoms (e.g. sore throat, nasal congestion, or cough)

A few days later, a blister-like rash appears that looks like chickenpox. This may begin on the face and spread elsewhere on the body, or if sexually acquired, may begin in the genital or anal areas.

How Does Monkeypox Spread?

According to the CDC, Monkeypox spreads in a few ways.

• Monkeypox can spread to anyone through close, personal, often skin-to-skin contact
• Face-to-face contact for an extended amount of time with Monkeypox
• Touching objects, fabrics (clothing, bedding, or towels), and surfaces used by someone with Monkeypox.
• This direct contact can happen during intimate contact

Monkeypox can also be transmitted from animal to person by being scratched or bitten by an infected animal, preparing or consuming meat from an infected animal, or using items from an infected animal. From the time symptoms begin until the rash has healed entirely, and a new layer of skin has grown, a person with Monkeypox can infect others. The infection usually lasts 2-4 weeks.

What Can You Do To Stay Safe?

• Wear a mask in public settings and enclosed areas
• Avoid close skin-to-skin contact with patients who have a monkeypox-like rash.
• Do not touch a monkeypox patient with open wounds
• Avoid intimate contact with patients with Monkeypox
• Avoid sharing utensils or drinks
• Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, especially before eating, touching your face, or using the restroom.