Few things bring as much joy as the companionship of a beloved pet. Whether you have a playful pup, a cuddly cat, or a scaly friend, pets quickly become part of the family. However, it’s important to know that some animals can transmit illnesses to humans. These diseases, known as zoonotic illnesses, are rare but worth understanding.

If you’re ever concerned about your health after pet exposure, AFC Powell is here to provide expert medical care. If you have questions about your pet’s health, the team at Powell Animal Hospital can offer guidance on keeping your pet healthy and disease-free.

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What Are Zoonotic Diseases?

Zoonotic diseases are infections that spread between animals and humans. They can be transmitted through:

• Direct contact with an infected animal
• Bites or scratches
• Contaminated food, water, or surfaces
• Exposure to infected feces

While most household pets pose little risk, young children, pregnant women, older adults, and those with weakened immune systems may be more vulnerable

Common Diseases Humans Can Get from Pets

Rabies

Rabies is a fatal viral infection that affects the nervous system. It is spread through the bite of an infected animal, including unvaccinated pets.

Symptoms in Humans: Fever, headache, confusion, agitation, paralysis, and, if untreated, death.

Prevention: Vaccinate pets against rabies, avoid contact with wild animals, and seek immediate medical attention if bitten.

Toxoplasmosis

Caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, toxoplasmosis can be transmitted through contact with contaminated cat feces, raw meat, or soil. Pregnant women should take extra precautions, as it can lead to birth defects.

Symptoms in Humans: Flu-like symptoms such as fever, muscle aches, and fatigue. Many people may not show symptoms at all.

Prevention: Wash hands after handling cat litter, cook meat thoroughly, and avoid cleaning litter boxes if pregnant.

Cat Scratch Disease (Bartonellosis)

Caused by Bartonella bacteria, this illness spreads through bites, scratches, or flea-infested cats.

Symptoms in Humans: Swollen lymph nodes, fever, fatigue, and in rare cases, complications affecting the heart.

Prevention: Keep cats indoors, control fleas, and clean scratches or bites with soap and water.

Roundworms and Hookworms

These intestinal parasites are found in the feces of infected dogs and cats. Humans can contract them by accidentally ingesting contaminated soil or through skin contact.

Symptoms in Humans: Hookworm infections can cause skin irritation, while roundworms can lead to eye or nerve damage.

Prevention: Deworm pets regularly, wash hands after pet contact, and avoid walking barefoot in areas where pets defecate.

Ringworm

Despite its name, ringworm is not caused by a worm but by a fungus. It spreads through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated surfaces.

Symptoms in Humans: Itchy, red, ring-shaped rashes on the skin or scalp.

Prevention: Keep pets clean, avoid sharing personal items, and wash hands after handling animals.

Salmonella

Salmonella bacteria can be found in reptiles, birds, and some mammals. It spreads through contact with infected feces or contaminated food and water.

Symptoms in Humans: Stomach pain, diarrhea, fever, and vomiting.

Prevention: Wash hands after handling reptiles or cleaning pet waste, and avoid direct contact with feces.

Lyme Disease

Although pets cannot directly transmit Lyme disease, they can carry infected ticks that spread the bacteria to humans.

Symptoms in Humans: Fever, headache, muscle pain, and a distinctive bull’s-eye rash at the bite site.

Prevention: Use tick prevention for pets, check for ticks after outdoor activities, and wear protective clothing in wooded areas.

When to Visit AFC Powell

If you develop unexplained symptoms such as fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, rashes, or gastrointestinal distress, it’s important to seek medical care. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications. We offer diagnostic testing, symptom management, and treatment for many zoonotic illnesses. If you suspect an animal scratch, bite, tick bite, or any unusual symptoms related to pet exposure, our team is here to help.

How to Keep You and Your Pet Healthy

Most zoonotic diseases are preventable with proper hygiene and pet care. Here are some key steps to reduce your risk:

• Wash hands thoroughly after handling pets, cleaning litter boxes, or preparing pet food.
• Keep your pet’s vaccinations up to date and schedule regular veterinary check-ups.
• Practice flea and tick prevention to reduce exposure to parasites.
• Avoid direct contact with animal feces and wear gloves when cleaning litter boxes or handling pet waste.
• Cook meat thoroughly and wash produce to prevent foodborne illness.

While it is possible to contract illnesses from pets, the risk is minimal with proper precautions. Responsible pet ownership, regular veterinary care, and good hygiene practices can significantly reduce the chances of disease transmission.

If you develop symptoms like fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, rashes, or digestive distress, it’s important to seek medical care. Early diagnosis can prevent complications. AFC Urgent Care Powell offers diagnostic testing, symptom management, and treatment for zoonotic illnesses. If you suspect exposure from a pet scratch, bite, or unusual symptoms, our team is here to help.